- The number of repetitions typically done in a rehab session I
- The number of repetitions typically done in a rehab session II
- The number of reps that can be performed I. if therapy focus is on repetitive practice
- The number of reps that can be performed II. if therapy focuses on repetitive practice
- fMRI data collected from survivors doing hundreds of repetitions of grasp, release.
- The Importance of Salience (Meaningful) in Stroke recovery
- The Importance of Challenging (Intensity) in Stroke recovery
- How parenting radically changes your brain. #1
- How parenting radically changes your brain. #2
TREATING
Electrical Stimulation (E-Stim)
- Upper limb electrical stimulation exercises
- E-Stim for subluxation of shoulder post stroke
- All The Things E-Stim Can Do For Stroke Recovery
- General considerations for E-Stim
- Videos: How to E-Stim any muscle group!
- Great simple review of EStim; large section for stroke
- Articles showing how surface E-Stim changes the brain
- In healthies
- In stroke and dystonia
- hand
- tibialis anterior
Rhythmic Bilateral ARM Training
Rhythmic Bilateral LEG Training
- Cerebellar stroke: Metronome cueing ↓'s variability for step, stance, double support times & joint kinematics
- Stroke: Effects of rhythmic auditory cueing on gait. A systematic review with dosage included
Mirror Therapy
Increasing walking speed
- Speed-Dependent Treadmill Training
- Double walking speed with verbal encouragement (QUICK READ)
- Double walking speed with verbal encouragement (FULL STUDY)
Constraint Induced Therapy (CIT)
- Lower Extremity Modified CIT
- Compelled Weight bearing (shoe lift)
- 2 versions of Compelled Weight bearing: shoe lift vs. knee immobilizer
Amazing CIT dissertation by STACY L. FRITZ that includes:
- MOTOR ACTIVITY LOG (MAL) Manual, WOLF MOTOR FUNCTION TEST, FUGL-MEYER Upper Extremity Motor score sheet, CIT HOME DIARY, CIT DAILY ACTIVITY LOG, BEHAVIORAL CONTRACT FORM
Sensation Recovery
Why task specific practice important in neurorehab
REDUCTION OF SPASTICITY
Electrical Stimulation (E-Stim)
- Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Spastic Muscles After Stroke
- E-Stim to Reduce Spasticity in the Leg
Evidence for the "neuroplastic model of spasticity reduction".
- "The Neuroplastic Model of Spasticity Reduction" in a nutshell
- Motor learning therapy increased spastic muscle's contralesional cortical motor regions leading to decreased spasticity
- Intensive training in patients with increased muscle tone improves function without exacerbating spasticity
CIT decreases spasticity and “pathological” synergies
- CIT reduces spasticity 2017
- CIT reduces spasticity 2013
- CIT reduces spasticity and increases functional use
- CIT increases strength and decreases spasticity
Resistance
training does not increase spasticity
Spasticity and
sleep
Mirror therapy reduces spasticity
Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) success in adults
- Functional Outcome of Adulthood Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy
- One woman's experience with a SDR done in adulthood
PRIMING THE BRAIN FOR RECOVERY
ACTION OBSERVATION VIDEOS
- Motor Priming in Neurorehabilitation: An Overview
- Moving, mental practice, and action observation activates similar parts of the brain (great images!)
- Action observation leads to measurable muscle activity
- Action observation of swallowing activates swallowing muscles in observer.
- Cortical change with action observation in hospitalized moderate to severe TBI
- The mighty Cochrane Review found that AO therapy resulted in better arm and hand function
VIDEO
- Taping for genu recurvatum
- How a Baclofen Pump Works
- GRAPHIC: Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy (starts @ 2 min in)
- GRAPHIC: The Unfixed Brain: What your brain really looks like
- GRAPHIC: Surgery for Acute Subdural Hematoma
- Brilliant vid on the great work MDs do to lessen the effects of stroke-- fantastic graphics!
- Great ideas for survivors to self-recover by "super-survivor" Kathy Spencer
- Kahn Academy: types of ischemic stroke
RESEARCHING
Researching Stroke Recovery
- Evidence-based review of stroke rehabilitation
- StrokEngine: Tons of info for therapists and survivors
- PubMed Central: Free Journal Articles (NIH)
- MedlinePlus Simple and Free bottom line reviews
- Bookshelf: free online books and docs (NIH)
- Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
- Bio med central free open-access articles
- TRIP Database: a smart, fast tool to find high quality clinical research evidence
- Hindawi Free Access to Journals
- Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Clinical Guidelines from around the World
Information About Other Forms of Brain Injury
- Evidence-Based Review of Brain Injury
- Overview: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE/Football/concussion)
Find Stroke-Recovery Research in Your Area
Two Free Stroke-Specific Magazines
MEASURING
Measuring Recovery
- The best Rehab Outcome Measure search engine EVER!
- Calculator to score patients accurately for G-Code Med. B (Claims-Based Outcomes Reporting [CBOR])
- TONS MORE stroke recovery tests
- Nottingham Sensory Assessment
- Walking Speed: the Sixth Vital Sign
- 10m Walk Test: What Does the Data Mean?
- FUGL- MEYER: Rules for UE and LE
- FUGL- MEYER: Score sheet for UE and LE
- Motor Activity Log (MAL) Manual
- The Modified Ashworth: U.E and L.E
Cognitive (mental) Tests
Posterior Pusher Syndrome (or) posterior pelvic tilting
REFERENCING
BDNF
Walking within within 24 hours after stroke: help or hurt?
· An article where they interviewed therapists, docs and nurses: Conclusion: Our study shows that most clinicians had concerns in relation to early mobilization of stroke patients and more clinicians had concerns for hemorrhagic than for ischemic stroke.
· An article looking at very early mobilization and depression: Conclusion: Very early mobilization may reduce depressive symptoms in stroke patients at 7 days post-stroke.
· Early mobilization out of bed after stroke may be all good: Conclusion: It seems to reduce severe complications but not cerebral blood flow:
· Early mobilization out of bed after stroke, maybe: Conclusions: Insufficient data are available to prove the beneficial effects of early mobilization after stroke.
· A Very Early Rehabilitation Trial for Stroke (AVERT): Conclusions: Fewer patients in the very early mobilisation group had a favourable outcome than those in the usual care group.
· The LEAPS trial (the largest study ever done on post-stroke rehab): "patients who received early locomotor training experienced more multiple falls."
The curious case of NDT.
The curious case of NDT.
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